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Famous Big and Small Cities of Britain (топик на английском)

 

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Famous Big and Small Cities of Britain


Liverpool

Liverpool lies in Merseyside and in 2006 was announced the third most populous city in England. It is one of the industrial cities of Great Britain. The modern rise of Liverpool took place because of improvement in transport.
Reconstruction of old docks and building of new ones have given Liverpool seven miles of docks and many industries such as sugar refinery, tanning, and cattle-feed manufacture. Liverpool is a historic place as well with fine eighteenth-century buildings. Farther inland, shopping and entertainment quarters occupy streets near the main railway stations.
There is a university and two cathedrals in Liverpool. The city got its world-famous reputation for the Beetles legendary rock band which was organised there. Crowds of Beetles fans still come to Liverpool to feel the atmosphere and visit places which inspired the famous band.

Stratford-upon-Avon

Situated in Warwickshire, in the heart of England, Stratford is known all over the world as the birthplace of the greatest playwright, William Shakespeare, and as the home of the Royal Shakespeare Company.
The town was called Stratford-upon-Avon because it is situated on the river Avon. Stratford is small, but it has a lot of places of interest. Among them is the house where Shakespeare was born. Nowadays this is a museum which contains a big exhibition illustrating Shakespeare's life and work. New Place is the house where William Shakespeare spent his retirement and died. Ann Hathaway's Cottage attracts tourists as well, because this is the house of Shakespeare's wife. The Holy Trinity Church is the place where the Shakespeare family is buried.
Stratford-upon-Avon Butterfly farm can be described as a wonderful place with ponds, streams and waterfalls and various tropical exotic flowers that grow up there. The Insect City boasts with a huge collection of spiders and other insects that are kept in glass cages.
The Teddy Bear Museum, housing a great collection of bears from all over the world, used to be situated in Stratford. In 2004, after 18 years in the city, this award-winning Museum moved from Stratford-upon-Avon to a new home in London.
Cambridge

This city has been described as the loveliest city of Britain thanks to its wonderful courtyards, bridges across the river Cam and architecture. The history of the city dates back to the Neolithic times. The Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology has a big collection of relics. In Roman times there was a settlement and later the Saxons and the Normans came to this place. Soon Cambridge became a teaching centre for scholars from neighbouring monasteries and by the 13th century the University of Cambridge was founded. Like Oxford, the University consists of several colleges the oldest among which is Peterhouse, founded in 1284. The oldest colleges and University buildings are in the central area of Cambridge.
There are a lot of important museums in the city. For example, the Fitzwilliam Museum, the Folk Museum and the University Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology.


Oxford

This city is known all over the world not only by its beautiful architecture and landscape, but mostly by Oxford University. The city is also known as the "city of dreaming spires", as Matthew Arnold (an English poet) called it in regard to the harmonious architecture of the university buildings. King Charles I used Oxford as English capital when he was driven out of London in the 17th century. There are actually two universities in Oxford: the University of Oxford and Oxford Brookes University.
The University of Oxford is over 800 years old. Today the University of Oxford consists of 35 independent colleges and 5 halls. It provides central libraries, laboratories and services. Oxford is home to a wide range of schools many of which accept students from all over the world. There are University choral foundations, established to educate the boy choristers of the chapel choirs, and have kept the tradition of single sex education.
There are some museums and art galleries in Oxford. For example, the Ashmolean Museum which is the oldest museum in Britain. It has a good collection of antiques, European paintings, sculpture and silver. In the Christ Church Picture Gallery there are works of Italian painters from the 14th to the 18th century.
The Museum of the History of Science houses numerous scientific instruments dating back to the 16th century, collections of ancient chemical apparatuses, watches and clocks and medical instruments.


Birmingham

Birmingham is the second largest city of England, and one of the principal industrial centres in the British Isles. The city is situated in west Midlands and has a population of over one million people. It was founded by a small group of Anglo-Saxons whose leader may have been called Beorma or Berrn, the settlement is described as Bermingeham in the Domesday Book of 1086. Since the 16th century Birmingham has got the reputation of a metal working centre, although it had no fuel or ore resources of its own.
Birmingham grew very fast after the Industrial Revolution in the 18th century. During World War II the city was heavily bombed, and the centre was rebuilt with new roads and buildings.
Although Birmingham's industrial importance has declined, it has developed into a national commercial centre, being named as the third best place in the United Kingdom to locate a business, and the 21st best in Europe by Cushman & Wakefield in 2007.
Birmingham is one of the most visited cities in the UK; it has many sights that attract tourists. For example, the Town Hall which is now a big concert hall. The old Council House is the main administrative centre of the city. The University of Birmingham, founded in 1900, is world-famous. Like most great cities Birmingham has many specialised colleges, large parks, a big reference library, a famous museum and an art gallery. There are also a lot of cafes, restaurants and pubs in the city.
People from Birmingham are known as Brummies, a term derived from the city's nickname of Brum. There is a distinctive Brummie dialect (distinct vocabulary and syntax) and accent, both of which differ from the adjacent Black Country.


ПЛАН-ОТВЕТ. FAMOUS BIG AND SMALL CITIES OF BRITAIN
1. Рассказать кратко о Ливерпуле (Merseystde, the third most populous city in England, industrial city; sugar refinery, tanning, and cattle-feed manufacture; fine eighteenth-century buildings, shopping and entertainment quarters, a university, two cathedrals, the Beetles).
2. Рассказать кратко о Стрэтфорде-на-Эйвоне (heart of England, birthplace of Shakespeare, home of the Royal Shakespeare Company, the house where Shakespeare was born, New Place, Ann Hathaway's Cottage, the Holy Trinity Church, ponds, streams, waterfalls, tropical exotic flowers, the Insect City, the Teddy Bear Museum).
3. Рассказать кратко о Кембридже (loveliest city of Britain, courtyards, bridges, the river Cam, architecture, Neolithic times, the Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, a teaching centre, the University of Cambridge, Peterhouse, Fitzwilliam Museum, the Folk Museum, the University Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology).
4. Рассказать кратко об Оксфорде ("city of dreaming spires", King Charles I, English capital, Oxford Brookes University, University of Oxford, 35 independent colleges, 5 halls, choral foundations, the Ashmolean Museum, collection of antiques, European paintings, the Christ Church Picture Gallery, The Museum of the History of Science). 5. Рассказать кратко о Бирмингеме (the second largest city, principal industrial centre, west Midlands, Anglo-Saxons, metalworking centre, the Industrial Revolution, World War II, a national commercial centre, the third best place to locate a business, one of the most visited cities, the Town Hall, the old Council House, the University of Birmingham, Brummies, Brummie dialect).


QUESTIONS
1. What famous British cities and towns do you know?
2. What is Liverpool famous for?
3. Which city is connected with William Shakespeare's name? Why?
4. What other interesting sights can you visit in this city?
5. Why has Cambridge been described as the loveliest British city?
6. What is Cambridge famous for?
7. What is Oxford mainly famous for?
8. How old is Oxford University?
9. Would you like to study there? Why (not)?
10. What other places of interest are there besides the University?
11. What is the second largest city in Britain?
12. How was it founded?
13. Why is the city one of the most visited ones in the UK?
14. Why are the citizens of this city called "Brummies"?

 

 

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